% States of a two-level atom (Sec. II.G)
% Excited |e> and ground |g> states as 2-dimensional column vectors, and a
% normalized superposition |psi> = alpha|e> + beta|g>, |alpha|^2+|beta|^2 = 1.

clear;              % Clear memory
clc;                % Clear the command window/screen
es = [1;0]          % excited state |e>
gs = [0;1]          % ground state |g>
alpha = sqrt(0.4);  % superposition coefficient
beta = sqrt(0.6);   % superposition coefficient
Psi = alpha*es + beta*gs   % superposition state (norm = 1)